LaTeX, as delivered, offers no means of handling bold "teletype"
or small-caps fonts. There's a practical reason for this (Knuth never
designed such fonts), but there are typographical considerations too
(the "medium weight" cmtt font is already pretty bold (by
comparison with other fixed-width fonts), and bold small-caps is not
popular with many professional typographers).
There's a set of "extra" Metafont files on CTAN that provide bold
versions of both cmtt and cmcsc (the small caps font). With
modern TeX distributions, one may bring these fonts into use simply
by placing them in an
appropriate place in the texmf tree;
TeX (and friends) will automatically build whatever font files they
need when you first make reference to them. There's a jiffy package
bold-extra that builds the necessary font data structures
so that you can use the fonts within LaTeX.
If you need to use Type 1 fonts, you can't proceed with Knuth-style fonts, since there are no Type 1 versions of the mf-extra set. However, commercial fixed-width fonts (including the default Courier) almost always come with a bold variant, so that's not a problem. Furthermore PSNFSS typically provides "faked" small caps fonts, and has no compunctions about providing them in a bold form.